- Enumerating with Reader permissions - Simply log in to the Azure portal and view all resources/export to CSV - PowerZure - Importing the Module will display current role, permissions, and available subscriptions - OPSEC NOTE: There are detections in Azure Security Center for this as well as MicroBurst - `Get-AzureTargets` - Compares the user role to the Azure scope to enumerate attack surface area - MicroBurst - `Get-AzDomainInfo -Verbose -Folder microburst-output` - Generates an entire directory dump full of all available info on all of the Azure subscriptions to which the user has access - If environment is very large, disable some of the information using the boolean options - Review Azure instance metadata (from the instance itself) - `curl -H Metadata:true --noproxy "*" "http://169.254.169.254/metadata/instance?api-version=2020-09-01" | jq` - Check for a managed identity - `curl -H Metadata:true -s 'http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/ token?api-version=2018-02-01&resource=https%3A%2F%2Fmanag ement.azure.com%2F' | jq` - Resulting token can be used to interact with the Azure REST APIs. Can also be used with MicroBurst to gather key vault secrets and storage account keys - Credential Harvesting - Check previous deployments for resource groups - Look for misconfigured parameter types - passwords set as "String" instead of "SecureString" - Check deployment output sections - can include sensitive values and even "SecureString" values in cleartext - `Get-AzDomainInfo` in MicroBurst gathers all this deployment info; check Development\\Resources\\Deployments.txt for creds - Managed Identities - can have elevated permissions in environment - `appid=$(az resource list --query "[?name=='\'].identity.principalId" --output tsv)` - Retrieve resource information and cast to the "appid" variable - `az role assignment list --assignee $appid --include-groups --include-inherited --query'[].{username:principalName, role:roleDefinitionName, usertype:principalType, scope:scope}'` - List role assigments, specifying role name, principal name, type, and scope - Can also be done with the REST API